Anyone in America wishing to be taken seriously by the media is, apparently, required to lie absurdly about 9/11.
The doctrine of pre-emption was not, as Professor Fukuyama claims, devised as a response to "the 2001 attacks." It was spelled out in 1997 in the Statement of Principles of the Project for the New American Century (PNAC): a statement signed by Dick Cheney; President Bush's brother, Jeb; Norman Podhoretz; former Vice-President, Dan Quayle; war criminals, Donald Rumsfeld and the disgraced former World Bank President and Iraq war architect Paul Wolfowitz; and the lying humbug Francis Fukuyama himself -- among others who have shaped America's foreign policy since the inauguration of the the second Bush's first administration:
"The history of the 20th century should have taught us that it is important to shape circumstances before crises emerge, and to meet threats before they become dire. The history of this century should have taught us to embrace the cause of American leadership." PNAC, Statement of Principles
The National Security Strategy of the United States, published after 9/11, merely formalized what those who guide the Bush administration's foreign policy had adopted as policy before coming to power.
Pathetic, really, how liars and scoundrels these days pass for scholars at some American Universities.
Fact is, 9/11 served "to shape circumstances" in a way that made politically feasible pre-planned wars of aggression against Afghanistan and Iraq (and see here, long before Blair's faked dossier: Fuck Saddam, we're going to take him out".